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.fl P904gM5.j
.fd list of views v17-v29
.fn corrections and additions made by jW on Q413
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v
17		N	gk101,12 gf10,11,43,50,66,67,68,72,85,91	This series of views, taken after the monumental wall, f11, and apron, f10 were fully excavated, allows us to evaluate their extent after the last modifications were made, probably in Phase 5, the Mittani period.  From this photograph, it appears as if the large limestone blocks f66, f67, and f68 were part of the wall prior to abandonment.  They were set in, but not covered with plaster-like mud.  They appear to be on the northernmost of three E-W lines of similar blocks that form the extant top of the wall.  They were later removed for safety reasons as we excavated just to the north of them to explore how the wall was constructed.  The three subviews are all taken looking south towards the north face of the wall and illustrate how the most intact of several layers of bakhia, f50, sealed the surface extending from the wall up to the temple BA.
17a	t	S	gk101,12 gf50,10,11,72	This sub-view shows the bakhia layer, f50.  Although at first we thought that it was the top surface of the temple mound, this photo illustrates that it abuts the wall about 50cm. below the top, and therefore must be an intermediate surface, perhaps marking the end of seasonal construction.  Several more layers of fill would have been subsequently placed above f50 and another layer of bakhia, bricks and stones would have marked the true top.  This photo shows that the N-S line of limestone blocks, f72, were laid atop the highest layer of fill, f34, that we can positively associate with the temple mound.  It is possible that they were a part of the apron system, f10.  One can also see the limestone blocks, f66-68, hanging over the north edge of the wall, necessitating their removal when we began to excavate directly below them.
17b	t	S	gk101,12  gf10,11,50,66,67,68	Subview showing the interface of the bakhia layer, f50, and the inside face (N) of wall, f11.  The bakia layer in this vicinity was later removed as a part of the excavation of the typological column, k102/k104.
17c	t	S	gk101,12 gf10,11,50,68	Subview showing details of the upper part of wall, f11, construction.
18		E	gk103 gf53,54	This view shows an installation of two large stones, which sit in the first layer of natural accumulation, f53, below the surface topsoil, f52.  The stones were placed, but not founded within f53 as it built up, and later covered.  This is most likely a simple installation constructed during scattered occupation after abandonment.
18a	t	S	gk103 gf54	Subview closeup of stones, f54, showing they were not founded
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19		S	gk12,101,104 gf11,50,57,58	The excavation of the typolgical column moved from k102, the north baulk of k12, to k104, located just north of the north face of the monumental wall, f11.  The first extant layer of bakhia that we encountered, f50, covered all of k12.  (We postulate that there was a higher layer atop fills f34, f38, and f42 that had all but eroded away after abandonment.)  As f50 was being removed from the 2m x 2m locus of k104, underneath we encountered a layer of compacted fill, f57, atop another thin layer of bakiah, f58.  This view shows that f58 extended throughout the locus, sloping down from north to south following the shape of the temple BA mound.
19a	t	E	gk104 gf50,57,58,89,92	This subview shows the east balk of the locus.  Several additional features appear here.  First, parts of two thin layers of bakhia, f89, apparently imbedded in compacted fill, f57, and seen in the right center of the photo, show a "reverse slope" upward to the south.  Second, a wedge of fill, f92, and seen in the lower right part of the photo, appears above the full bakhia layer, f58.  Although we do not know its purpose, it could be part of a continuing project to raise the level of the entire wall.
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20		E	gk104 gf57,58,59,62,70,89,92	This view shows the result of the removal of most of compacted fill, f59.  The surface has been leveled in the locus and the photo clearly shows the remnants of the bakhia layer, f58, above compacted fill, f59.  Also shown are the upward sloping layers of bakhia, f89, and the pile of bricks, f62.  A previously unrecorded wedge of compacted fill, f92 can be seen in the lower right side of the photo.
20a	t	S	gk104 gf58,59	This subview, showing the south baulk adjacent to the north face of the monumental wall, f11, shows the remaining sliver of the bakhia layer, f58, above compacted fill, f59.
20b	w	OHE	gk104 gf59,65	This subview looks overhead and to the east onto compacted fill, f59. There is a pillar of baked bricks, f62, in the east baulk and compacted layer of ash, f65, appears in the lower left.
21		NE	gk104 ga1 gf59	This photograph documents a human burial, a1, in the first stages of excavation.  Only one of the innominate (hip) bones is clearly visible.  It clearly sits in the packed fill, f59, providing strong evidence that the grave was not dug, but rather that the burial was an event contemporary with the mound building process.
21a	t	E	gk104 ga1 gf60,62	This subview is a closeup of the human remains, f60 and marker column, f62.  Several long bones of this burial in the flexed position are visible in addition to the innominate.
21b	w	E	gk104 ga1	This subview is a wide-angle photo of the eastern two-thirds of the locus, k104, showing the relative position of the burial, a1.
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22		E	gk104, ga1,2 gf62	This series of views, taken after the burial, a1, was beginning to be exposed in more detail than in v21.  The main view shows most of the locus, including the human burial, a1, and an animal burial, a2, which may have been associated.
22a	t	E	gk104, ga1, gf62	This subview is a closeup of burial, a1, and brick pillar, f62, which shows the comparatively good preservation of the skeletal bones.
22b	t	NE	gk104 ga1	This subview is a tighter closeup of the well-preserved pelvic structure of the remains.  The innominate rests on a stone tool, i8, that presumably belonged to the deceased.
23		S	gk104 ga2	Photograph of cluster of animal bones (skull and long bone), possibly associated with human burial, a1, about 150 cm to the north at about the same elevation.
23a	t	S	gk104 ga2	Subview showing closeup of animal bones, possibly those of a pig.
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24		OV	gk104 gf60 gi8 ga1	Photograph of human skeleton, i8, which is part of burial, a1, now fully exposed.  The purpose of the photograph was to prepare a registered drawing using Feehand.  The two red stakes have been surveyed to provide the geo-reference.
25		E	gk104 ga1,2 gf59,60,64 gi8	This photograph helps resolve several issues with the burial, a1.  First, one can see that  the remains sit in compacted fill, f59, strongly indicating that the burial was made at the same time the temple mound was being constructed.  There is no shaft or cut that might indicate that the burial occured later in time.  Second, the body is in a fully flexed position.  Third, a stone tool, i8, probably belonging to the deceased is located direcly under the innominate bone.  Fourth, an extensive layer of compacted ash, f64, was in place before the burial was accomplished and this layer was covered by, compacted fill, f59, in which the body sits.
25a	t	NE	gf60 gi8,10	Final close subview of the complete burial illustrating the excellent preservation of the skeleton and the outstanding work of gM and vS in removing the surrounding soil matrix to expose it.
25b	t	N	gf60, gi8	Final close subview of the skeleton as seen from the back.  Note that there is a hole in the back of the skull, which will be analyzed in the laboratory.
25c	t	E	gi8	Final close subview of the left side of the skull showing its excellent preservation and exposure.  In addition, one can see well-preserved teeth, which will be useful in determining the age of the individual at the time of death.
25d	t	E	gi8,10	Final close subview of the pelvis and the stone tool directly underneath the innominate.  The shape of the greater sciatic notch may be useful in determining the sex of the deceased.
26		N	gk104 gf59,64 ga1	This view shows part of the complex nature of compacted fill, f64, and its relationship with the compacted fill, f59, which covered the burial, a1.  This complexity was missed during the first phases of excavation.  We noted an ashy component to the NW corner of the locus while excavating f59, but did not immediately assign it a separare feature number.  As one can see in the north baulk there is a clear demarkation between the two.  The human skeleton is shown, clearly sitting in f59.
26a	t	NW	gk104 gf64	This subview highlights the ashy layer, f64, as seen in the north section.
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27		N	gk101 gf66,67,68	This view shows three large limestone blocks, f66, f67, and g68 overhanging the excavation of the typological column, k104.  These stones were probably a part of the top layer of the last reconstructed version of the monumental wall, f11.  One can see that it was necessary to stabilize f66 and f67 with a rope harness before we decided to remove it to protect the individuals who were excavating deep within the locus.  The black marks on the limestone blocks are registration marks for possible use in drawing the stones from the photographs.
27a	m	E	gk101 gf11,66,67,68	This subview shows the limestone blocks from an alternate perspective.
27b	t	E	gk101 gf66,67	This subview shows a closeup of f66 and f67 before removal.
27c	t	E	gk101 gf68	This subview shows a closeup of f68 before removal.
27d	t	E	gk101 gf67	This subview shows a closeup of the top of f67 after the removal of f66.
28		N	gk104 gf64,65	This view was taken after the burial, a1, and compacted fill, f59, in which it sat were removed from the north half of locus k104.  It illustrates the sharp interface of the compacted layer of ashy fill, f64, and another layer of red fill, f65, to the north, only the edge of which was exposed.  On the basis of excavation this season, we do not know the extent or function of f65.
29		S	gk105 gf11,69,70,80	In order to explore the nature of the interface between the monumental wall, f11, and the material behind it in the few days of excavation remaining in season MZ18, we dug only in the south half of k104, designating the "reduced" locus k105.  This view shows the result of the first day's excavation.  On the right side one can see the north face of f11, whose stones are covered with a layer of bakhia, f80, a local virgin soil, to regulate the flow of water from the layers in the mound behind to the fully exposed south face.  We assume that the bakhia allows water to trickle through, thus assuring that the mud mortar between the stones of the wall does not wash away.  On the left of the photo, one can see a vertical layer of compacted fill, f70, in which is imbedded several horizontal lenses of bricky material, f69.
29a	t	S	gk105 gf11,69,70,80	closeup of the wall stones in section