The Grammar of the Archaeological Record
1. The System

8. Special Rosters

Giorgio Buccellati – June 2010
Marilyn Kelly-Buccellati – June 2010
Rick Hauser – June 2010
Christine Kimbrough – June 2010
Beatrice Landini – June 2010
Marta Lorenzon – June 2010
Laura Ramos – June 2010
Mary Stancavage – June 2010
Sarah Comelli – June 2023

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8.1: Introductory

As mentioned above in 13.2 missing section, ZGx19 mDP, special rosters supplement the Main Roster for types of analysis, especially typology, which go beyond its limits and purposes. The structure of these rosters is quite analogous in each case.

Special roster codes are identified by a 3 character prefix, of which the first is Z (identifying the entry as belonging to a special roster) and then two characters that identify the particular special roster in question.

The version code is in the same format as for the Main Roster.

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8.2: Ceramic analysis (Zca) – by M. Kelly-Buccellati

As for the ceramic roster, see the dedicated section under the CERAMIC book.

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8.3: Ceramic paste analysis (Zcp?)

TEXT TO BE WRITTEN

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8.4: Seal impressions (Zsi) – by M. Kelly-Buccellati

Glyptics? Or seal impressions referring to either modern or ancient? What about description of seals stones?

NOTE: z at the end of any entry refers to a detail of photo or drawing (e.g., Zsi611z W17z0102): this entry is derived automatically from directory entry W17z0102 A16.108~611 and placed under A16.108.

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8.4.0: Universal Codes (Zsi0)

Zsi0 UNIVERSAL CODES

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8.4.1: Documentation (Zsi1)

Zsi1mu Museum or Library Number
Zsi1pl Present Location
Zsi1pu Publication

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8.4.2: External Characteristics (Zsi2)

Zsi2dg Date: General
Zsi2dr Date: Reign
Zsi2ob Type of Object on Which Impression is Found
Zsi2pc Prsent Condition
Zsi2pr Provenience

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8.4.3: Physical Characteristics of the Seal Stones (Zsi3)

Zsi3ma Material
Zsi3se Secondary Features
Zsi3si Size of Cylinder Seal

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8.4.4: Inscription (Zsi4)

Zsi4ap Absent/Present
Zsi4cm City Mentioned in Inscription
Zsi4co Condition of Inscription
Zsi4ho How Inscription is Written
Zsi4la Language of Text
Zsi41o Location of Inscription
Zsi4lp Language of Person's
Zsi4na Name(s)
Zsi4ti Title(s)

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8.4.5: Theme and Overall Composition (Zsi5)

Zsi5ba Background
Zsi5ge General Composition of Entire Seal
Zsi5gr Groundline
Zsi5nu Number of Compositions on Entire Seal
Zsi5th Theme of Each Composition

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8.4.6: Major Compositional Elements (Zsi6)

Zsi6a0 Description
Zsi6a2 Identification of Figures: Gender
Zsi6aa Identification of Figures: Animal
Zsi6ad Identification of Figures: Deity
Zsi6ah Identification of Figures: Human
Zsi6am Identification of Figures: Composite and Mythological
Zsi6as Identification of Figures: Standard
Zsi6at Identification of Figures: Tree & Plants
Zsi6av Identification of Figures: Various
Zsi6di Distinctive Physical Characteristics
Zsi6dr Dress
Zsi6he Head Covering
Zsi6je Jewelry
Zsi6pa Posture of Figure: General
Zsi6pb Posture of Figure: View Shown: Body
Zsi6ph Posture of Figure: View Shown: Head
Zsi6pl Posture of Figure: Left Arm
Zsi6pr Posture of Figure: Right Arm
Zsi6ro Role of Figure in Composition

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8.4.7: Minor Compositional Elements: Attributes (Zsi7)

Zsi7a0 Description
Zsi7a& Staffs and Clubs
Zsi7aa Animal
Zsi7ac Composite and Mythological Beings
Zsi7af Furniture
Zsi7ah Human
Zsi7an Natural Elements
Zsi7at Tools and Weapons
Zsi7av Objects and Other Elements
Zsi71a Location of Attributes
Zsi7po Posture of Animal Attributes

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8.4.8: Minor Compositional Elements: Filler Motifs (Zsi8)

Zsi8a0 Description
Zsi8lc Location: In Composition
Zsi8lf Location: Horizontal
Zsi8lv Location: Vertical

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8.4.9: Secondary Motifs (Zsi9)

Zsi9de Description
Zsi9lv Location

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8.5: Aglyptic impressions on sealings (Zai) – by C. K. Kimbrough

This roster has been established by Christine K. Kimbrough, and the definitions given below are hers. This roster deals with the impression of cordage and textile, as found primarily on sealings.

ZaiK1 sp spin The direction in which the thread or cord was originally spun. The primary importance of determining this variable is to facilitate the evaluation of the uniformity of spinning technology and practice. There are some who have argued that it also determines to some extent the handed‑ness of the spinner but this is inconclusive. When the direction of spin is determined from an impression on clay (or any plastic substance), you have to remember that you are viewing the negative and thus the direction of spin is the opposite of what it appears.
ZaiK2 an angle The angle of twist indicates the tightness of the spin of a thread or cord. Tightness of spin can be illuminate details of spinning technology such as the range of weights or diameters of spindle whorls that were used and again the uniformity of spinning technology and practice. Angle of twist is measured by drawing a line across the thread from the lower point where the twist of the fiber intersects the edge of the thread or cord. Then, the angle is measured from this line to where the twist intersects the other edge. Of course, no angle of twist should exceed 90 degrees. 90 degrees would indicate no twist, and in fact, approximately 80 to 90 degrees may indicate the natural twist of the fiber. Generally, 0 to 30 degrees of twist is considered tight, 30 to 60 degrees medium, and 60 to 90 degrees loose.
ZaiK3 t1 thread1 This is the number of threads per centimeter in one direction in a cloth impression. Since identifying warp or weft in small impressions is most often impossible, no attempt is made to designate such terms to one set of threads in an impression. Threads are simply counted in one direction, usually the direction in which the impression is widest (unless otherwise noted), and the the other (variable thread2). This measurement provides a basis for comparing impressions both within the Mozan corpus and with textile impressions from other archaeological sites. The number of threads per centimeter indicates the fineness of the cloth. Differences between thread1 and thread2 indicate to some extent the type of weave.
ZaiK4 t2 thread2 The number of threads in the second (smaller width) direction of a cloth impression.
ZaiK5 tw twists This variable describes the type of weave of a cloth or basket impression in the terms used most widely in the archaeological and textile literature. For definitions of these terms and illustrations see Emery 1981, Broudy ??, and Barber 1991. The terms allow for the comparison of the textiles in this corpus with each other and with impressions from other sites. They also provide a basis for analyzing technical aspects of weaving at Mozan and placing the textiles and basketry impressions from Mozan in a larger historical and technological context.
ZaiK6 wv weave This variable describes the type of weave of a cloth or basket impression in the terms used most widely in the archaeological and textile literature. For definitions of these terms and illustrations see Emery 1981, Broudy ??, and Barber 1991. The terms allow for the comparison of the textiles in this corpus with each other and with impressions from other sites. They also provide a basis for analyzing technical aspects of weaving at Mozan and placing the textiles and basketry impressions from Mozan in a larger historical and technological context.
ZaiK7 hd hole diameter This variable is the diameter of a hole in a spindle whorl or wheel. This measurement is one parameter for determining whether or not an object could have used as a spindle (the hole must be wide enough to accommodate a spindle). Hole diameter is one of the variables used by Liu (1978) to differentiate between spindle whorls and beads. In addition, other studies of spindle whorls make use of this measurement which means that it provides another variable for comparing spindle whorls from Mozan with those from other archaeological sites.

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8.6 Figurines (Zfg) – by R. Hauser

TEXT TO BE WRITTEN

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8.7: Beads (Zbd) – by M. Stancavage

TEXT TO BE WRITTEN

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8.8: Physical anthropology (Zpa) – by L. Ramos

Zpa1 IDENTIFICATION
Zpa1df definition
Zpa1mi minimum number of individuals
Zpa2mn notes on minimum number of individuals
Zpa1st curation status
Zpa1nb = other label


Zpa2 SKELETAL ANALYSIS
Zpa2bs biological sex
Zpa2ds data on sex determination
Zpa2sm method of estimating sex
Zpa2ba biological age
Zpa2da data on biological age
Zpa2ma methods used for biological age determination
Zpa2es estimated stature
Zpa2ms method used for stature


Zpa3 TRAUMA
Zpa3tt trauma type
Zpa3tl trauma location
Zpa3td trauma description


Zpa4 PATHOLOGY
Zpa4pt pathology type
Zpa4pl pathology location
Zpa4pd pathology description
Zpa4pn notes on pathology


Zpa5 MUSCULAR-SKELETAL MARKERS AND STRESS
Zpa5sl stress location
Zpa5sm muscle stressed
Zpa5ma muscle activity
Zpa5sn notes on muscular stress


Zpa6 INVENTORY
Zpa6fr frontal
Zpa6pa parietal
Zpa6oc occipital
Zpa6te temporal
Zpa6sp sphenoid
Zpa6zy zygomatic
Zpa6mx maxilla
Zpa6pa palatine
Zpa6mn mandible
Zpa6na nasal
Zpa6la lacrimal
Zpa6co concha
Zpa6hy hyoid
Zpa6et ethmoid
Zpa6vo vomer
Zpa6sc scapula
Zpa6cl clavicle
Zpa6hu humerus
Zpa6ra radius
Zpa6ul ulna
Zpa6is ischium
Zpa6pu pubis
Zpa6fe femur
Zpa6pt patella
Zpa6ti tibia
Zpa6fi fibula
Zpa6ri ribs
Zpa6ta talus
Zpa6cs calcaneus
Zpa6cu cuboid
Zpa6nv navicular
Zpa6ca cuneiform 1
Zpa6cb cuneiform 2
Zpa6cc cuneiform 3
Zpa6ma metatarsal 1
Zpa6mb metatarsal 2
Zpa6mc metatarsal 3
Zpa6md metatarsal 4
Zpa6me metatarsal 5
Zpa6ph phalanges
Zpa6sc scaphoid
Zpa6lu lunate
Zpa6tr triquetrum
Zpa6pi pisiform
Zpa6tz trapezium
Zpa6cp capitate
Zpa6ha hamate
Zpa6mf metacarpel 1
Zpa6mg metacarpel 2
Zpa6mh metacarpel 3
Zpa6mi metacarpel 4
Zpa6mj metacarpel 5
Zpa6cv cervical vertebrae
Zpa6tv thoracic vertebrae
Zpa6lv lumbar vertebrae
Zpa6sv sacrum
Zpa6mm manubrium
Zpa6st sternum
Zpa7 PRESERVATION
Zpa7sc condition of skeleton
Zpa7tc condition of teeth
Zpa7pr Convervation notes


Zpa8 BURIAL CONTEXT
Zpa8bt burial type
Zpa8go grave orientation
Zpa8bp body position
Zpa8bo body orientation
Zpa8so skull orientation
Zpa8bf body facing
Zpa8sf skull facing
Zpa8if items found with body
Zpa8tp time period
Zpa8ph phase
Zpa8nb notes on burial context


Zpa9 MEASUREMENTS
Zpa9mu max length ulna
Zpa9mr max length radius
Zpa9mt max length tibia
Zpa9mf max lenght femur
Zpa9bf bicondylar lenght femur
Zpa9mb max lenght fibula
Zpa9rm max mandibular ramus (ant-post)
Zpa9mc mandibular condyle
Zpa9fh max diameter femoral head
Zpa9za max length of zygomatic


Zpa10 REFERENCE
Zpa10pl photos from lab
Zpa10pe photos from excavation
Zpa10bd drawing


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8.9: Wall conservation (Zcw) – by G. Buccellati, B. Landini and M. Lorenzon

TEXT TO BE WRITTEN

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8.10: Metals analysis (Zme) – by S. Comelli

As for the metal roster, see the dedicated section under the topical book on metals.

TEXT TO BE WRITTEN

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