; File processed on 2026-07-16
; J2^wall1
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f128
A20 !!_!! !! stationary
A21 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j !! wall
A30 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC Revetment wall surrounding the temple terrace. This wall extends across the whole JP area, into stretching from J6 in the east to J5 in the west, through J2, J3, J4 and J1.
B10 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC wall
B11 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC The revetment wall is part of the larger monumental access that defines J2. It is a wall, about 2 rows of stones in thickness that acts as an interface between the temple terrace area and the Plaza. The wall is about 2.5 meters high in J2. It is constructed of rough stones that are placed on top of each other, the area between the stones is filled with dirt.
C10 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC On W514 the strata assignment information was updated by cJC to reflect the J2B sequence.
I4 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC s650-J2B
I10 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC The revetment wall was assigned to s650-J2B based on the materials found at the base and through comparisons with the materials such as the first escarpment in J1.
M99 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC Based on excavations in J3 it is thought that the revetment wall is backed (on the northern inside face) with a bakaya layer to prevent water from seeping through and causing damage.
; J2^apr1
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f21
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f131
A20 !!_!! !! stationary
A21 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j !! apron
B10 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC apron
B11 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC The apron is the set of more widely placed steps to the west of the main staircase (^stair2). It is built of limestone blocks and the steps are spaced so that it is approximately one apron step for every two staircase steps. It is flanked on the western edge by a small wall (^wall3). It is constructed at the same time as the second staircase (^stair2) and the eastern flanking wall (^wall2).
C10 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC On W514 the strata assignment information was updated to reflect the J2B sequence.
I4 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC s650-J2B
I10 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC The apron was assigned to s650-J2B based on the ceramic material that abuts its base. The ceramics that are just below and just above the first step both date to this strata so the apron can safely be assigned to the strata s650-J2B as well.
K1 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC Composed of 18 steps
; J2^apr2
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f20
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f132
A20 !!_!! !! stationary
B11 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC The second apron was built to mimic the first apron, after the first apron and the revetment wall had been covered. It is built up limestone blocks and displays a similarity to the first apron in style. It is dated to the Mittani based on Mittani deposits that run under it. The second apron is part of the Mittani reenvisioning of the sacral area after the first apron (^apr1) and the staircase (^stair2) was almost covered.
C5 2012-05-14_T914CJC.j cJC Upon further discussion during the September/October 2011 study season we decided that the assignment of the second apron to the Mittani period is not certain. See discussion on left hand side under topics for futher details.
C5 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC After discussion regarding the date of the second apron again in the Fall 2012 study season we again are resolved that the apron belongs in the Mittani period, specifically to the period of rebuilding and construction across the temple terrace area dated to s148-J2B. See discussion under topics for full explanation of different options.
I4 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC s148-J2B
I10 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC The second apron is primarily dated based on the ceramics that go under it, recovered during the German excavations of the area. Additionally, the materials constituting the fill between the revetment wall and the second apron are also dating to the Mittani period.
I12 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC Mittani sherds go under the apron in J3 and J5.
K1 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC Composed of 11 steps
; J2^bf
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f106
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f112
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f155
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f177
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f178
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f180
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f181
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f188
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f189
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f202
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f207
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f208
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f210
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f211
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f216
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f217
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f218
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f226
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f230
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f260
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f261
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f273
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f340
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f342
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f356
A2 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC f286
A2 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC f341
A20 !!_!! !! stationary
A21 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j !! bf
B10 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC bf
B11 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC Large brickfall of red and gray bricks sloping from the east down to the west. It falls on top of the erosion (f366). It is probably Mitanni in date and in J7 some skulls of children were found. The brickfall is composed of both red and gray bricks and has many inclusions, notably pottery - some of it from large storage jars. It is more eroded in the upper layers indicating it was exposed for some time. It appears to have taken place in two phases or slowly as two small walls were discovered inside the brickfall (^ctwl2, ^ctwl3). Associated with these curtain walls are small burned patches and some shallow pits. It appears that as the brickfall began they tried to continue to use the area but were unsuccessful as the first wall was covered as well as the second attempt. The area was then not used until after the brickfall had ended.
C10 2012-05-14_T914CJC.j cJC On W514 the strata assignment information was updated by cJC to reflect the J2B sequence.
I4 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC s158-J2B
I4 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC s160-J2B
I11 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC The brickfall is dated to the middle Mittani based on the ceramics.
I12 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC The brickfall is assigned to two different strata as it took place slowly and in two phases (see description). Also see topic on left-hand side.
; J2^pv1
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f386
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f387
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f388
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f389
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f390
A20 !!_!! !! stationary
A21 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j !! pavement
B10 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC pavement
B11 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC Sequence of sherd, bone and pebble pavements with sandy subfloors. These pavements are in front of the first staircase and are associated with the lowest steps of the staircase. These pavements were grouped together as they show a typological similarity in their construction with small sherds and other small inclusions of stones and bones. Additionally, the ceramics from these floors were typologically similar.
C10 2012-05-14_T914CJC.j cJC On W514 the strata assignment information was updated by cJC to reflect the J2B sequence.
I4 2012-05-14_T914CJC.j cJC s685-J2B
I10 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC Below the early EDIII floors, up against the earlier construction of the first staircase (^stair1).
I11 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC mKB identifed some Ninevite 5 sherds
; J2^pv2
A2 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC f267
A2 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC f272
A2 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC f276
A2 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC f287
A2 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC f291
A2 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC f292
A2 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC f294
A2 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC f302
A20 !!_!! !! stationary
A21 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j !! pavement
B10 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC pavement
B11 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC Pebble floors in front of the first staircase just coming up to the very base of second staircase. Composed of an sequence of pebble floors with thin layers of accumulation between them. These pavements are grouped together based on their stratigraphic continuity and typological similarities. The pebbles are much larger than those of the earlier pavements (^pv1).
B11 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC Pebble pavements that run up against the first staircase (^stair1). This grouping of pavements is characterized by mixed EDIII and Ninevite 5 sherds indicating they were in use during the transition of those periods.
C10 2012-05-14_T914CJC.j cJC On W514 the strata assignment information was updated by cJC to reflect the J2B sequence.
I4 2012-05-14_T914CJC.j cJC s665-J2B
I4 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC s670-J2B
I11 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC mKB identified early EDIII sherds embedded in the pavements.
I11 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC This grouping of pebble pavements is based on the similarity of the typology of sherds amongst them. The floors have a mix of Ninevite 5 and early EDIIIa sherds.
I12 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC These floors are constructed using the same techniques as the later ^pv3 grouping of floors, however, they are distinguished on the basis of their pottery typology which diverges from the ^pv3 grouping through the inclusion of Ninevite 5 materials.
; J2^wall2
A2 2010-11-15_T914CJC.j cJC f129
A20 !!_!! !! stationary
A21 2010-11-15_T914CJC.j !! wall
B10 2010-11-15_T914CJC.j cJC wall
B11 2010-11-15_T914CJC.j cJC Flanking wall to the east of the staircase (^stair2). The wall is bonded with ^stair2 and is part of the original construction of the monumental access (^mnacs). The wall is built of shaped limestones. It is over 2 meters high at the base of the staircase. The wall is level on the top so it becomes lower relative to the staircase as one moves up the stair. At the base 2 stones are placed obliquely leaning against the south face of the wall.
I4 2010-11-15_T914CJC.j cJC s650-J2B
I10 2010-11-15_T914CJC.j cJC This flanking wall is bonded to the second staircase. The second staircase is dated by the materials at its base to the mid EDIII and therefore the flanking wall has been assigned to the same strata.
M2 2010-11-15_T914CJC.j cJC The wall separates the access way from the non-sacral space to the east.
; J2^wall3
A2 2010-11-15_T914CJC.j cJC f127
A20 !!_!! !! stationary
A21 2010-11-15_T914CJC.j !! wall
B10 2010-11-15_T914CJC.j cJC wall
B11 2010-11-15_T914CJC.j cJC Flanking wall to the west of the apron (^apr1). The top of the wall follows the slope of the apron. It is slightly lower than the apron and was probably added later to bolster the western edge of the apron and protect it. It is composed of rougher stones than any of the original components of the monumental access (^mnacs). An stone (f257)is placed obliquely at the base to mimic the oblique stones in front of ^wall2.
I4 2010-11-15_T914CJC.j cJC s630-J2B
I12 2010-11-15_T914CJC.j cJC This wall was added after the monumental access had already been constructed. It is not bonded to the revetment wall or the apron suggesting it was added later. The accumulations at the base of the revetment wall, however, seem to be relatively uninterrupted so it is assumed that it was added relatively soon after the construction to bolster the apron and protect the western edge. It is dated to the same phase as the escarpment in J1 which presumably served a similar function of protecting the constructions.
; J2^pv3
A2 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC f205
A2 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC f209
A2 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC f213
A2 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC f214
A2 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC f215
A2 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC f256
A2 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC f258
A2 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC f266
A20 !!_!! !! stationary
A21 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j !! pavement
B10 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC pavement
B11 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC Upper-most pebble pavements against the first staircase ^stair1. These prebble floors are characterized by EDIII sherds.
I4 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC s665-J2B
I11 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC Sherds in these floors are from the early EDIIIa period, a slight variation in the distribution of sherds from the preceding sequence of pebble floors (^pv2) which included a mix of EDIIIa and Ninevite 5 sherds.
I12 2012-10-16_T914CJC.j cJC The pebble floors of this grouping show no distinct composition to distinguish them from the from the earlier pebble floors but the ceramics are typologically different therefore they have been separated into two groupings.
; J2^esc1
A2 2025-12-04_ZJz04pC.j pC f247
A2 2025-12-04_ZJz04pC.j pC f248
A2 2025-12-04_ZJz04pC.j pC f319
A20 !!_!! !! stationary
A21 2025-12-04_ZJz04pC.j !! escarpment
A35 2025-12-04_ZJz04pC.j pC v521
B10 2025-12-04_ZJz04pC.j pC escarpment
B11 2025-12-04_ZJz04pC.j pC A compact grey layer was identified overlying the lowest courses of the revetment wall (F128). Its surface exhibits a southward slope, likely intended to channel water away from the wall’s base. The deposits sealing this layer date to the Early Dynastic III period. Although this feature was not excavated, its characteristics closely parallel those of the escarpment exposed in Unit J1, which was excavated; thus, it can reasonably be interpreted as representing the same architectural element. It remains uncertain, however, whether this corresponds to the first or the second escarpment.
; J2^pv4
A2 2025-12-19_ZJz04pC.j pC f205
A2 2025-12-19_ZJz04pC.j pC f209
A20 !!_!! !! stationary
A21 2025-12-19_ZJz04pC.j !! pv
A35 2025-12-19_ZJz04pC.j pC v160
A35 2025-12-19_ZJz04pC.j pC v101
B10 2025-12-19_ZJz04pC.j pC pv
B11 2025-12-19_ZJz04pC.j pC The final sequence of pavements overlies the third step of staircase f380. Small pebbles and ceramic sherds are embedded within the surface, although their distribution is uneven. Approximately 1.5 m south of the last step, the concentration of pebbles increases noticeably. Directly above the step, the pavement is 10–20 cm thick, has a reddish coloration, and contains fewer pebbles and sherds.
; J2^fl1
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f179
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f194
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f392
A20 !!_!! !! stationary
A35 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC v95
A35 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC v160
A35 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC w210
B11 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC a very defined grey compacted floor of about 10 cm in thickness, was found during the excavation of 2004 at the bottom of the German Trench in k100. It is characterized by having a gray coloration, small pebble and gypsum inclusions. It abuts the "patch stone" between stair f130 and apron f131. f179 was the bottom of the german trench, covering f194 which is dated to the EDIII period. f392 was recorded in section.
B99 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC cJC labeled ^fl1 floors f369, f359, f392. This floor sequence is the not first floor, but the third one (^fl3). cJC was also of the opinion f392 seen in section would be the first floor. After reviewing all the documentation, the floors f179, f392 and f194 are the same ones, being at the same elevation and because of the same type.
I4 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC s650-J2B
; J2^fl2
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f381
A20 !!_!! !! stationary
A35 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC v214
A35 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC v217
A35 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC w210
B11 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC Hard grey uneven surface. It has human foot impressions on it, meaning the surface was a mud wet layer, on which people walked on. It covers the first floor ^fl1 (f194). On the surface are some pebbles. On top of it was found a grey ashy layer f379. It abuts the lowest excavated step of the apron f131.
I4 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC s640-J2B
; J2^fl3
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f348
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f368
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f369
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f374
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f377
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f378
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f379
A20 !!_!! !! stationary
A35 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC v206
A35 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC w210
B11 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC Grey flaky floors with laminations, located under f359 and above f381. Many features are part of this floor, since they were excavated in different loci. f379 covers the southern portion of locus k110, and f378 was found in front of the apron in k110, abutting the lowest excavated step. f348 is located in k15, south of wall f127.
I4 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC s640-J2B
; J2^fl4
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f359
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f373
A20 !!_!! !! stationary
A35 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC v181
A35 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC v178
A35 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC w210
B11 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC A reddish-orange-pinkish ("salmon color") colored floor covering the area in front of the apron f131. A patch of the same floor was found directly abutting the lowest excavated step of the apron and abuts wall f127. The floor is cut by the erosion f376, therefore in the middle is damaged. f373 is the same floor excavated in the southwest of k15.
I4 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC s630-J2B
I99 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC The floor abuts the western first stones of the lowest excavated step of the apron (f131), next to wall f127. This floor is the floor associated to the first use of wall f127, right after its construction.
; J2^fl5
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f357
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f358
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f363
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f364
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f365
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f370
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f375
A20 !!_!! !! stationary
A35 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC v158
A35 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC w210
B11 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC Many flaky surfaces, 30 cm thick, labeled firstly f357. While excavating this feature, in the section were identified more different surfaces. They are all gray flaky, since when picked they come in flat layers. f370 is a damaged plaster floor. It may belong to this sequence of floors, but could belong also to fl4. ersn1 damaged this floor. These floor are about the same elevation. Note, there is a light slope from east to west.
I4 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC s620
; J2^fl6
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f326
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f327
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f328
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f329
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f330
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f350
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f353
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f355
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f361
A20 !!_!! !! stationary
A35 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC v132
A35 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC v162
A35 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC w210
B11 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC Brown-grey soil surface with pebble and sherd embedded in it. Located in the southern portion of k110 (f355) and labelled f327 in k4, where it abuts the lowest excavated step of the aprof f131. In season 2005 there were recorded several floor surfaces at the same elevation of f355 with the same characteristics. They may belong to the same sequence of floors, therfore are grouped here. These are f326, f328, f329, f330. In some of them were embedded pieces of gypsum (f329, f330).
I4 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC s610
; J2^fl7
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f316
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f344
A2 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC f347
A20 !!_!! !! stationary
A35 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC t158
A35 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC w210
B11 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC Hard floor with small pebbles and sherds, light gray in color. In the western part of J2 is the last EDIII floor. It is cut by the erosion f366 and covered by the Mittani brickfall f338.
I4 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j pC s610
; J2^fl9
A2 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC f231
A2 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC f234
A20 !!_!! !! stationary
A21 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j !! f
A35 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC v102
B10 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC f
B11 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC compact hard surface, made of light gray soil, ash lenses and tiny pebbles spread all over the surface. The surface slopes from the revetmenmt wall f128 toward south. The floor abuts walls f128 and f127.
I1 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC s610
I3 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j !! ^fl6
I3 2026-02-06_ZJz04pC.j !! ^fl7
; J2^fl10
A2 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC f140
A2 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC f141
A2 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC f142
A20 !!_!! !! stationary
A21 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j !! f
A35 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC v76
B10 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC f
B11 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC hard surface with patches of sherds located south of revetment wall f128 (labelled f140), covering wall f127 (labelled f142). In front of the apron f131 the floor presents laminations, characterized by the even horizontal layering of uniform compacted soil; it may inferred it was produced by the settling of water dripping above after which it was left to dry without disturbances. This lens of laminations comes just above the floor.
I1 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC s159
; J2^fl11
A2 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC f101
A2 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC f102
A2 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC f103
A2 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC f105
A2 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC f116
A2 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC f242
A2 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC f249
A20 !!_!! !! stationary
A21 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j !! floor
A35 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC w203
A35 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC w202
A35 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC w104
B10 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC floor
B11 2026-02-01_ZJz04pC.j pC 6 floors were found the elevation of 9040-9081m. These are porbaly the same floor. The first is floor f102 with f105 located below it, a small portion of a compacted soil with small-medium sized pebbles and few sherds located in front of the apron f131 in k4. The second part of the floor is f101, located north of f102 in k3. The third portion was found in front of wall f128 in k13 (f103 and f116) and k23 (f242, f249), recorded as a compacted surface. This floor covers the whole area in front of the revetment wall f128 and apron f131, attesting the use of this area after the brickfall.
; J2^stair1
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f380
A21 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j !! staircase
B10 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC staircase
B11 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC First staircase of an earlier construction phase. There are three main steps visible and it goes underneath the second staircase. It is unclear if this staircase continued all the way up to the top of the temple mound as the second staircase covers it or if it is the top of a deeper structure. Further excavations will be needed to answer this question.
I4 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC s850-J2B
I4 2012-10-20_T914CJC.j cJC s730-J2B
I10 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC This feature is assigned to the LC based on comparisons with other excavated areas. The earlier structures in front of the revetment wall in J1 are dated to the LC based on ceramics.
I10 2012-10-20_T914CJC.j cJC After discussion with lC and jW in 2012 study season we decided that it is possible that the earlier structures across the JP area may date to the Ninevite 5 period rather than the LC3. Since the dating of ^stair1 was based on comparisons with J1 and J5 the date of this structure was also revised to a slightly later stratum, s730-J2B.
I11 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC The earliest materials against this feature are dated to s685-J2B, but as we have not yet reached the base of the feature it is presumed to be earlier.
I11 2012-10-20_T914CJC.j cJC The lowest sherds recovered are Ninevite 5, however, they indicate the period of use of this structure, not the period of construction, since we have not yet reached the base of the structure.
K1 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC Composed of 3 steps.
; J2^stair2
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f130
A21 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j !! staircase
B10 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC staircase
B11 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC Second staircase, associated with the first apron. It goes from the bottom of the apron up to the top of the temple terrace. There are two steps of the staircase for every one step of the first apron.
I4 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC s650-J2B
I10 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC This feature is part of the monumental access that was constructed together as part of the major construction dated to s650-J2B. It is bonded to the apron (^apr1) and the eastern flanking wall (^wall2). The apron is constructed together with the revetment wall (^wall1) and therefore all these constructions are assigned to the same strata.
I11 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC Materials against the lowest step of this staircase were part of the German excavation of the area. When considered with the other features that are part of the monumental access it is clear that the materials at the base of the apron and revetment wall are both EDIII, which indicates that presumably the materials at the base of the staircase would be EDIII as well.
K1 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC Composed of 22 steps
M2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC The staircase connects the Plaza at the bottom with the temple terrace at the top.
; J2^ctwl2
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f144
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f232
A21 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j !! wall
B10 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC wall
B11 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC So-called 'curtain' walls in front of the apron built during the brickfall. They were built to screen off certain areas, particularly after the area of the plaza began to fill in. The two features are each separate lines of stones that are placed one on top of each other with a slight layer of fill between them. The wall was built during the time of the brickfall and presumably the first level was covered and so the second layer was added.
C10 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC On W514 the strata assignment information was updated by cJC to reflect the J2B sequence.
I4 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC s159-J2B
I10 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC This wall was constructed during the brickfall, which is securely dated to the Middle Mittani. The period of use during the brickfall, including the construction of the curtain walls was assigned to it separate strata, s159-J2A based on the supposition that it was a distinct event that occured during the brickfall.
; J2^ctwl1
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f288
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f334
A2 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC f346
A21 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j !! wall
B10 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC wall
B11 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC Curtain wall built in front of the revetment wall, perpendicular to ^wall3 during the Mittani period. It was presumably built to screen off the bottom of the revetment wall. It was used until it collapsed and was covered over by brickfall.
C10 2012-05-14_T914CJC.j cJC On W514 the strata assignment information was updated by cJC to reflect the J2B sequence.
I4 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC s190-J2B
I10 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC Because the brickfall comes over this wall after it already collapsed it is presumed to be dated to an earlier Mittani phase.
I11 2009-09-14_T914CJC.j cJC The ceramics found in and around this wall were mixed EDIII and Mittani. The excavators suggested that this may because the wall was placed on top of EDIII deposits and those deposits might have been disturbed during construction and incorporated.
; J2^mnacs
A1 2009-08-17_T914CJC.j cJC a7
A2 2009-08-17_T914CJC.j cJC f127
A2 2009-08-17_T914CJC.j cJC f128
A2 2009-08-17_T914CJC.j cJC f130
A2 2009-08-17_T914CJC.j cJC f131
A21 2009-08-17_T914CJC.j !! Accessway
B10 2009-08-17_T914CJC.j cJC Accessway
B11 2009-08-17_T914CJC.j cJC Monumental access to the temple terrace. In the third millennium this complex served as the main access to the temple. The complex was used for a long period of time which is indicated by the continual build up of floors in front of the apron. This monumental access is composed of the second staircase, the first apron, the flanking walls (f127 and f129). Most of the monumental access was built at the same time as the revetment wall with the exception of the second flanking wall which was added later. This specific label subsumes several important features and other specific labels.
I4 2009-08-17_T914CJC.j cJC s650-J2B
I12 2009-08-17_T914CJC.j cJC The individual components of the monumental access have been primarily dated to this strata using the materials found against the base. The only exception is the western flanking wall which was added later.
M2 2009-08-17_T914CJC.j cJC The monumental access serves to both connect and separate the Plaza at the base of the staircase with the temple terrace at the top. The revetment wall serves to separate the Plaza from the temple terrace and acts as a restrictive force. As a consequence the staircase and apron become the focus as the point of entry and passage between the two points.
; J2^ctwl3
A2 2010-11-15_T914CJC.j cJC f224
A21 2010-11-15_T914CJC.j !! wall
B10 2010-11-15_T914CJC.j cJC wall
B11 2010-11-15_T914CJC.j cJC Curtain wall built in front of the revetment wall, extending perpendicularly from ^wall3, during the period of the brickfall. This wall is above ^ctwl1 and follows the same lines although it is higher. It is separated from ^ctwl1 by a thick accumulation.
I4 2010-11-15_T914CJC.j cJC s159-J2B
I12 2010-11-15_T914CJC.j cJC This wall is built during the brickfall as evidenced by the brickfall layers around it. It is similar to ^ctwl2 in construction and appears to be built at the same time (See v100).
; J2^ersn1
A2 2010-11-28_T914CJC.j cJC f376
B11 2010-11-28_T914CJC.j cJC Erosion in front of ^apr1 caused by water. Damages some of the floors that are part of fl4 and fl3
I4 2010-11-28_T914CJC.j cJC s610-J2A
I12 2010-11-28_T914CJC.j cJC Sits inside of the use floors (^fl2) of the EDIII period
; J2^ersn2
A2 2010-11-28_T914CJC.j cJC f366
B11 2010-11-28_T914CJC.j cJC Long erosion cut, sloping east to west that cuts the floors fl5, fl6, fl7 in front of apr1.
C10 2010-11-28_T914CJC.j cJC The strata was updated to reflect J2B sequence by cJC on Wx16
I4 2010-11-28_T914CJC.j cJC s161-J2B
I12 2010-11-28_T914CJC.j cJC The layers that are cut by this erosion date to the EDIII and immediately on top of the cut is Mittani brickfall. This lead the excavators to date the erosion to the strata immediately preceding the Mittani brickfall as there was not time for any other materials to accumulate.
; J2^use1
A1 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC a6
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC a9
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f141
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f142
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f143
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f145
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f150
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f171
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f174
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f197
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f198
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f199
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f200
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f224
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f298
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f299
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f300
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f301
A21 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j !! use area
B10 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC use area
B11 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC Use area inside of the brickfall, contemporaneous with the construction of the curtian walls (^ctwl2, ^ctwl3). The use was probably an attempt to reclaim and reuse the area after the first brickfall began, but it was unsuccessful due to the continued brickfall which covered the first and second attempts at walls in the area.
I4 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC s159-J2B
I12 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC The brickfall is dated based on ceramics to the mid-Mittani. This use area is after the brickfall begins, but before it is completely over. Because it is sandwiched by brickfall it is known to be also in the Middle-Mittani.
; J2^use2
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f101
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f103
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f105
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f125
A21 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j !! use area
B10 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC use area
B11 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC Use areas at elevations level with the large stone, f154 placed on the apron (^apr1). This use area is directly on top of the crumbled bricks of the brickfall indicating an attempt to reclaim and reuse the area after the brickfall.
I4 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC s148-J2B
I12 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC This use area occurs after the brickfall but likely before the construction of the second apron. It is dated primarily using it's stratigraphic location between these two phases.
; J2^use3
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC a5
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f15
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f16
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f17
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f22
A21 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j !! use area
B10 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC use area
B11 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC Use areas associated with the scattered stones at or above the levels of the second apron (^apr2). This includes the collapsed or placed stones (see v507)
C10 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC The stratum for this use was updated to J2B sequence on Wx16 by cJC
I4 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC s70-J2B
I12 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC The scattered stones are in the uppermost accumulations after the monumental access had already been covered.
; J2^use4
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f7
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f9
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f10
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f12
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f67
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f69
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC f78
B11 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC Use areas associated with tannurs in upper levels.
C10 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC Stratum updated to J2B sequence on Wx16 by cJC
I4 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC s60-J2B
I12 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j cJC Stratigraphically these layers appear to be relatively late due to their proximity to the surface of the tell.
; J2^accum1
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j pC f4
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j pC f5
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j pC f7
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j pC f23
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j pC f25
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j pC f30
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j pC f46
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j pC f54
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j pC f59
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j pC f60
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j pC f62
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j pC f65
A2 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j pC f79
B11 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j pC natural accumulation under topsoil: patches of softer and harder soil, roots, pebbles, stones, pottery
C10 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j pC Updated to J2B sequence on Wx16 by cJC
I4 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j pC s30-J2B
I12 2010-12-03_T914CJC.j pC Just under the topsoil, relatively recent with disturbances.
; J2^ts
A2 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC f2
A2 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC f3
A2 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC f6
A2 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC f18
A2 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC f19
A2 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC f29
A2 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC f33
A2 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC f34
A2 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC f36
A2 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC f38
A2 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC f42
A2 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC f50
A2 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC f53
A2 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC f57
A2 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC f58
A2 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC f64
A2 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC f67
A2 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC f68
A2 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC f167
A2 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC f184
A2 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC f243
A2 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC f360
B11 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC Topsoil layers including modern materials and growing plants
I4 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC s20-J2B
I10 2010-12-17_T914CJC.j cJC Stratigraphically the topsoil belongs to the most recent periods, with the exception of activities associated with the excavation (backfill etc.) which are attributed to s10-J2A.
; J2^accum2
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f81
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f82
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f87
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f95
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f97
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f98
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f99
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f109
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f157
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f158
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f160
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f168
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f181
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f185
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f186
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f193
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f195
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f203
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f206
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f220
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f222
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f242
A2 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC f249
B11 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC Accumulations covering the top of the revetment wall. Part of a process of slow build-up and accumulation after the post-brickfall use.
I4 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC s122-J2B
I10 2011-11-18_T914CJC.j cJC Stratigraphically these accumulations are above the post-brickfall use and are part of the late Mittani covering of the revetment wall known from J1 and J5.