Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
9.1: Introductory
It is possible to have a special lexicon without a corresponding special roster. Such is for instance the case with the lexicon for beads given below (9.6). The reason is that the lexical variants apply to variable categories already found in the Main Roster. If so, the variant is given in the Main Roster, but is preceded by a lexical prefix that identifies the special lexicon – thus, for instance, a bead might be qualified through the lexical attribute ‘Zbdrt’ following the Main Roster category K4 (or sh) for shape. In this example, ‘Zbd’ identifies the special lexicon, and ‘rt’ stands for round tabular, according to the lexical definition given below.
As in the case of the Main Lexicon, the configuration of a lexicon contributes to an understanding of the structural make-up of given categories.
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Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
Categories 6 and 7 (below) include regularly two additional digits after 6 or 7, such as 612 or 731. The second digit refers to the first composition, and the third to the sequential number of a given figure in that composition. Thus 612 refers to a major compositional elements which occurs as the second figure in the first composition, and 731 refers to a minor compositional element which occurs as the first figure in the third composition.
If two registers are present, then the second digit is replaced by the letter A for the first composition in the second register, B for the second composition in the second register, and so on (see schematic arrangement given in Fig. 1).
Cf. also the dedicated topical book.
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9.3.0: Universal Codes
These codes (in UPPER CASE) can be placed as variants in any variable slot.
NO |
None |
OR |
Other |
UC |
Unclear |
UI |
Unidentified |
UK |
Unknown |
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9.3.1: Documentation
Codes in this category are used only for seals from sites other than Mozan, and are accordingly omitted here.
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9.3.2: External characteristics
Some of the codes in this category are used only for seals from sites other than Mozan, and are accordingly omitted here.
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ob – type of object
2ob:bu |
Bulla |
2ob:ds |
Door sealing |
2ob:en |
Envelope |
2ob:fr |
Fragment |
2ob:mo |
Modern impression |
2ob:tb |
Tablet |
2ob:tg |
Tag |
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9.3.3: Physical characteristics
Some of the codes in this category are used only for seals from sites other than Mozan, and are accordingly omitted here.
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ma – material
3ma:ag |
Agate |
3ma:al |
Alabaster |
3ma:am |
Amethyst |
3ma:ba |
Basalt |
3ma:br |
Breccia |
3ma:ca |
Carnelian |
3ma:cc |
Calcite |
3ma:ce |
Ceramic |
3ma:ch |
Chalcedony |
3ma:cl |
Clay |
3ma:di |
Diorite |
3ma:dl |
Dolomite |
3ma:do |
Dolerite |
3ma:fe |
Felsite |
3ma:fl |
Flint |
3ma:fr |
Frit |
3ma:ge |
Geothite |
3ma:gr |
Granite |
3ma:gs |
Greenstone |
3ma:gy |
Gypsum |
3ma:he |
Hematite |
3ma:ja |
Jadeite |
3ma:js |
Jasper |
3ma:la |
Lapis lazuli |
3ma:li |
Limonite |
3ma:ls |
Limestone |
3ma:ma |
Marble |
3ma:mg |
Magnesite |
3ma:ob |
Obsidian |
3ma:on |
Onyx |
3ma:ox |
Oxidized iron ore |
3ma:po |
Porphyry |
3ma:qu |
Quartz |
3ma:ro |
Roch crystal |
3ma:sa |
Sandstone |
3ma:se |
Serpentine |
3ma:sh |
Shell |
3ma:st |
Steatite |
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se – secondary features
3se:tr |
Traces of cap |
3se:un |
Unperforated |
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si – size of cylinder seal
3si:di |
Diameter |
3si:he |
Height |
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9.3.4: Inscription
Some of the codes in this category are used only for seals from sites other than Mozan, and
are accordingly omitted here.
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ap – absent or present
4ap:ab |
Absent |
4ap:pn |
Present, not translated |
4ap:pr |
Present |
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co – condition of inscription
4co:er |
Erased |
4co:fr |
Fragmentary inscription |
4co:ms |
Missing in break |
4co:pa |
Partial rolling |
4co:re |
Readable |
4co:rw |
Rewritten |
4co:un |
Unreadable |
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ho – how inscription is written
4ho:01 |
One column |
4ho:02 |
Two columns |
4ho:03 |
Three columns |
4ho:04 |
Four columns |
4ho:05 |
Five columns |
4ho:06 |
Six columns |
4ho:in |
Inverted |
4ho:le |
Less than full size casement |
4ho:sc |
Scattered |
4ho:si |
Single sign in field |
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la – language of text
4la:ak |
Akkadian |
4la:hu |
Hurrian |
4la:lg |
Logographic (Sumerian or Akkadian) |
4la:no |
None (text only has personal name and so cannot tell what |
4la:su |
Sumerian |
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lo – location of inscription
4lo:ab |
Above or below secondary element |
4lo:ce |
Center |
4lo:ch |
Center of heraldic composition |
4lo:mf |
in midst of figures (between two figures) |
4lo:sc |
Scattered (more than one sign in many locations) |
4lo:te |
Terminal |
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lp – language of person’s name (onomastics)
4lp:ak |
Akkadian |
4lp:am |
Amorite |
4lp:hu |
Hurrian |
4lp:su |
Sumerian |
4lp:lg |
Logographic |
4lp:mx |
Mizex-Akkadian and Sumerian names |
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na – names (prosopography)
4na:fa |
Father |
4na:gf |
Goddess(es) |
4na:gm |
God(s) |
4na:hu |
Husband |
4na:of |
Seal owner (female) |
4na:om |
Seal owner (male) |
4na:wi |
Witness |
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ti – titles
4ti:pr |
Priest |
4ti:ro |
Royal official (governor, etc.) |
4ti:ry |
Royal |
4ti:sc |
Scribe |
4ti:se |
Servant (human or divine) |
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9.3.5: Theme and overall composition
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ba – background
5ba:bl |
Blank |
5ba:ob |
Objects only in relation to individual parts |
5ba:sc |
Scattered (more than one area) |
5ba:wi |
Wide blank space |
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ge – general composition of entire seal
5ge:an |
Antithetical |
5ge:do |
Double register |
5ge:fr |
Frieze (e.g., contest) |
5ge:he |
Heraldic |
5ge:in |
Inscription predominant |
5ge:li |
Linear (unrelated themes – 4 figures) |
5ge:si |
Single figure composition |
5ge:sy |
Symmetrical group(s) (2/3 figures, can be as many as 4 or 5) |
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gr – groundline
5gr:sc |
Center |
5gr:sl |
Left side |
5gr:sr |
Right side |
5gr:st |
Throughout |
5gr:tr |
Trace |
5gr:un |
Under individual figure(s) |
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nu – number of compositions on entire seal
5nu:01 |
One |
5nu:02 |
Two |
5nu:03 |
Three |
5nu:04 |
Four |
5nu:05 |
Five |
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th – theme of each composition
5th:be |
Beseeching – fervent appeal to a deity indicated through body position and gesture |
5th:br |
Bringing gifts |
5th:da |
Dancing |
5th:di |
Dining – formal context in which eating or drinking are implied |
5th:dy |
Dynastic |
5th:fi |
Fighting or wrestling – interacting in a physically aggressive manner with contact usually indicated |
5th:pe |
Performing ceremonial act – a formal act connected with a ritual or set of prescribed religious behavior |
5th:po |
Pouring |
5th:wa |
Walking |
5th:wo |
Worshiping |
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9.3.6: Major compositional elements
Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
a2 – identification of figures: gender
6a2:fe |
Female |
6a2:ma |
Male |
Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
aa – identification of figures: animal
6aa:bi |
Bison |
6aa:bu |
Bull |
6aa:ca |
Caprid (sheep or goat family) |
6aa:cb |
Crossed bulls |
6aa:cr |
Crossed lions |
6aa:de |
Deer/stag |
6aa:ga |
Gazelle/antelope |
6aa:go |
Goat/ibex |
6aa:lc |
Lion cub |
6aa:li |
Lion/lioness |
6aa:of |
Oryx (African) |
6aa:or |
Oryx (Arabian) |
6aa:sc |
Snake coil |
6aa:sh |
Snake (horizontal) |
6aa:sv |
Snake (vertical) |
6aa:wb |
Water buffalo |
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ad – identification of figures: deity
6ad:ad |
Adad |
6ad:bg |
Beared god |
6ad:bu |
Bull-eared god |
6ad:de |
Deity with flowing vase |
6ad:et |
Etana |
6ad:ga |
Gate attendant god |
6ad:gc |
God with crook |
6ad:gs |
God with scimitar |
6ad:is |
Ishtar |
6ad:ma |
Marduk |
6ad:sg |
Suppliant god |
6ad:sh |
Shamash |
6ad:sn |
Snake god |
6ad:su |
Suppliant goddess |
6ad:vg |
Vegetation god/goddess |
6ad:wg |
Water god |
6ad:wi |
Winged deity |
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ah – identification of figures: human
6ah:ar |
Archer |
6ah:at |
Attendant |
6ah:bh |
Bearded hero |
6ah:bo |
Bowlegged dwarf |
6ah:bu |
Butcher |
6ah:ch |
Child |
6ah:co |
Cook |
6ah:da |
Dancer |
6ah:ki |
King/god |
6ah:nr |
Nurse |
6ah:nu |
Nude female |
6ah:pi |
Princess |
6ah:pn |
Prince |
6ah:pr |
Priest with pail and sprinkler |
6ah:qu |
Queen |
6ah:ro |
Royal child |
6ah:sh |
Shepherd |
6ah:tr |
Triangle-head man |
6ah:va |
Vanquished body |
6ah:wa |
Warrior |
6ah:wm |
Warrior with mace |
6ah:wo |
Worshiper |
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am – identification of figures: composite and mythological
6am:bl |
Bird-lion |
6am:bm |
Bird-man |
6am:bu |
Bull-man |
6am:cr |
Cross human-headed bull |
6am:df |
Double-faced god |
6am:he |
Nude hero |
6am:hu |
Human-headed bull |
6am:ld |
Lion-demon |
6am:lg |
Lion-griffin |
6am:tm |
Triangle man |
6am:wg |
Bull-winged gate |
6am:wi |
Winged dragon |
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as – identification of figures: standard
6as:cr |
Crescent standard |
6as:cs |
Cross disc in crescent standard |
6as:ct |
Crescent standard on tripod base |
6as:dp |
Double headed lion/panther standard |
6as:gl |
Globe standard: one globe |
6as:g7 |
Globe standard: seven globes |
6as:lf |
Lightning fork standard |
6as:li |
Lion scimitar standard |
6as:ma |
Mace standard |
6as:po |
Pointed gatepost standard |
6as:s* |
Star standard |
6as:sd |
Star disc on crescent standard |
6as:sp |
Spade standard |
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at – identification of figures: trees and plants
6at:ba |
Bare conifer |
6at:co |
Conifer |
6at:dp |
Date palm |
6at:lf |
Leafy |
6at:pl |
Plant |
6at:tm |
Tree growing from mountain |
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av – identification of figures: various
6av:bg |
God-prowed boat |
6av:bh |
High-prowed boat |
6av:cr |
Crook |
6av:do |
Dog balancing crook |
6av:fr |
Frame |
6av:ga |
Gate |
6av:gl |
Lion/lioness gate |
6av:gp |
Gate-post |
6av:gt |
Trellis gate |
6av:gu |
Guilloche |
6av:l2 |
Lightning fork on bull: double line |
6av:l3 |
Lightning fork on bull: trident |
6av:pl |
Plow |
6av:ru |
Ruminant balancing crook(s) |
6av:sp |
Spear |
6av:ss |
Star-spade |
6av:va |
Vase with palm branch |
6av:ve |
Vegetation |
6av:vs |
Vessel with straw |
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di – identification of figures: distinctive physical characteristics
6di:an |
Antlers |
6di:ba |
Bald |
6di:be |
Bearded |
6di:bo |
Braid ornament |
6di:br |
Braid |
6di:cu |
Curls |
6di:do |
Downturned tail |
6di:hb |
Hair styled in bun |
6di:hd |
Hair styled in double bun |
6di:ho |
Horns |
6di:hs |
Hair styled in S-shaped loop |
6di:it |
Ithyphallic |
6di:lh |
Long hair |
6di:ta |
Talons/claws |
6di:up |
Upturned tail |
6di:wi |
Winged |
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dr – identification of figures: dress
6dr:bl |
Belt or girdle |
6dr:fm |
Fringed or bordered mantel |
6dr:fr |
Fringed or bordered skirt |
6dr:fs |
Fringed or bordered shawl |
6dr:gh |
Garment with bordered hem |
6dr:lo |
Long garment |
6dr:sa |
Sandal |
6dr:se |
Shoes with upturned toes |
6dr:sh |
Short garment |
6dr:sl |
Slit skirt |
6dr:ss |
Short skirt |
6dr:t2 |
Tiered garment: both shoulders covered |
6dr:td |
Tiered garment: one shoulder covered |
6dr:tp |
Tiered double pleated garment |
6dr:tr |
Tiered garment/skirt: running triangle design |
6dr:ts |
Tiered skirt |
6dr:ve |
Vertically pleated: long |
6dr:vs |
Vertically pleated: one shoulder covered |
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he – identification of figures: head covering
6he:ch |
Cap; one pair of horns |
6he:co |
Conical hat |
6he:cp |
Cap: rounded |
6he:cv |
Cap: vertically ridged |
6he:dr |
Hat three drillings |
6he:fc |
Flat cap |
6he:fe |
Feathered crown |
6he:ho |
Hat rounded top: one pair of horns |
6he:h3 |
Horned miter: several pairs of horns, tips meeting above ear |
6he:h4 |
Horned miter: several pairs of horns, view unclear |
6he:h5 |
Horned miter: several pairs of horns seen in profile, tips meeting over forehead |
6he:h6 |
Horned miter: several pairs of horns, frontal view |
6he:ro |
Rounded hat: rolled brim |
6he:ta |
Tall hat: flat topped |
6he:tr |
Tall hat: rounded top, wide brim |
Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
je – jewelry
6je:br |
Bracelet |
6je:co |
Counterweight of necklace |
6je:ea |
Earrings |
6je:ne |
Necklace |
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pa – posture of figure: general
6pa:as |
Ascending |
6pa:be |
Bent |
6pa:co |
Couchant |
6pa:fo |
Foot on object or animal: standing |
6pa:ho |
Horizontally placed |
6pa:in |
Inverted |
6pa:k1 |
Kneeling on one knee |
6pa:k2 |
Kneeling on two knees |
6pa:ra |
Rampant |
6pa:re |
Reversed |
6pa:se |
Seated |
6pa:sf |
Standing on forelegs |
6pa:st |
Standing |
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pb – posture of figures: view shown: body
6pb:fr |
Frontal view |
6pb:pl |
Profile, left side |
6pb:pr |
Profile, right side |
6pb:sh |
Shoulders front view legs profile |
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ph – posture of figures: view shown: head
6ph:df |
Double-faced |
6ph:fr |
Frontal view |
6ph:pl |
Profile, left side |
6ph:pr |
Profile, right side |
6pb:se |
Seen from above |
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pl – posture of figures: left arm
6pl:ac |
Arm down, elbow bent, forearm crossing body |
6pl:ad |
Arm down, extended away from body |
6pl:ae |
Arm raised, elbow up, forearm down |
6pl:af |
Arm down, elbow bent, forearm extended |
6pl:ar |
Arm raised, elbow bent, forearm above waist |
6pl:at |
Arm down, next to body |
6pl:au |
Arm raised above head |
6pl:hc |
Hands clasped |
6pl:hr |
Hand raised in front of face |
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pr – posture of figures: right arm
6pr:ab |
Arm behind body, elbow up |
6pr:ac |
Arm down, elbow bent, forearm crossing body |
6pr:ad |
Arm down, extended away from body |
6pr:ae |
Arm raised, elbow up, forearm down |
6pr:af |
Arm down, elbow bent, forearm extended |
6pr:ar |
Arm raised, elbow bent, forearm above waist |
6pr:at |
Arm down, next to body |
6pr:au |
Arm raised above head |
6pr:hc |
Hands clasped |
6pr:hr |
Hand raised in front of face |
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ro – role of figure in composition
6ro:at |
Attending |
6ro:be |
Beseeching |
6ro:bh |
Being held |
6ro:bl |
Being led |
6ro:bp |
Being presented |
6ro:br |
Bringing gifts |
6ro:bu |
Butchering |
6ro:bw |
Being worshiped |
6ro:co |
Cooking |
6ro:da |
Dancing |
6ro:fi |
Fighting with a weapon |
6ro:fo |
Fighting without a weapon/wrestling |
6ro:ho |
Holding |
6ro:ma |
Making pots |
6ro:pa |
Participating in a ritual |
6ro:pr |
Presenting offering |
6ro:si |
Single figure not interacting |
6ro:td |
Tending child |
6ro:wa |
Walking |
6ro:wi |
Worshiping inscription |
6ro:wl |
Worshiping and leading |
6ro:wo |
Worshiping |
6ro:wp |
Worshiping and presenting |
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9.3.7: Minor compositional elements: attributes
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a& – staffs and clubs
7a&:ba |
Ball staff |
7a&:bi |
Bird on pole |
7a&:bl |
Ball |
7a&:cr |
Crook |
7a&:cs |
Crescent staff |
7a&:ct |
Crescent staff, pendant flags, tripod base |
7a&:do |
Double-headed panther/lion club |
7a&:fs |
Frog on staff |
7a&:g5 |
Globe staff: five globes |
7a&:g7 |
Globe staff: seven globes |
7a&:g9 |
Globe staff: nine globes |
7a&:li |
Lion scimitar |
7a&:s* |
Star disc in crescent staff |
7a&:sd |
Star disc in crescent staff [double entry?, ZGy13 mDP] |
7a&:sp |
Spade-topped staff |
7a&:ss |
Star staff |
7a&:st |
Staff |
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aa – animal
7aa:bi |
Bird |
7aa:bu |
Bull |
7aa:db |
Dog balancing crook stick or pole |
7aa:do |
Dog |
7aa:ea |
Eagle |
7aa:fi |
Fish |
7aa:fl |
Fly/bee/insect |
7aa:fo |
Fox |
7aa:fr |
Frog |
7aa:ga |
Gazelle/antelope |
7aa:gi |
Goat/ibex |
7aa:go |
Goat/ram head on stand |
7aa:ha |
Hare |
7aa:ki |
Kid/lamb |
7aa:li |
Lion |
7aa:mo |
Mongoose/monkey |
7aa:ms |
Monkey on stool/pole |
7aa:os |
Ostrich |
7aa:po |
Porcupine/hedgehog |
7aa:ru |
Ruminant balancing crook(s) |
7aa:sc |
Scorpion |
7aa:sn |
Snake |
7aa:to |
Tortoise |
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ac – composite or mythological beings
7ac:ab |
Animated boat |
7ac:aw |
Animated wave |
7ac:bl |
Bull with lightning fork |
7ac:bu |
Bull-man |
7ac:de |
Demonic head |
7ac:dr |
Dragon |
7ac:fi |
Fish with human head |
7ac:go |
Goat-fish |
7ac:hu |
Human-headed bull |
7ac:ld |
Lion demon |
7ac:lf |
Lion-headed fish |
7ac:lg |
Lion-griffin |
7ac:lr |
Lion head, reptile body |
7ac:sn |
Snake dragon |
7ac:wp |
Winged human in flying pose |
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af – furniture
7af:bt |
Bird-leg table |
7af:cg |
Complex geometric support |
7af:ct |
Cross-leg table |
7af:fo |
Footrest |
7af:pe |
Pedestal: single |
7af:pd |
Pedestal: double |
7af:pf |
Pattern stools with footrest |
7af:pl |
Platform |
7af:ps |
Platform: stepped |
7af:pt |
Patterned stool |
7af:se |
Seat on legs: patterned |
7af:sf |
Stool with footrest |
7af:sg |
Simple geometric support |
7af:sl |
Stool with lion decoration |
7af:sp |
Seat on legs plain |
7af:sr |
Seat: rectangular pattern |
7af:su |
Seat with upturned back |
7af:ta |
Table |
7af:ve |
Vertical-patterned table |
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ah – human
7ah:ar |
Arm |
7ah:bo |
Bowlegged dwarf |
7ah:fa |
Fallen body/ies |
7ah:ha |
Hand |
7ah:he |
Head |
7ah:hn |
Head of nude bearded hero |
7ah:ma |
Man kneeling on one knee |
7ah:nf |
Nude female |
7ah:nm |
Nude male |
7ah:pr |
Priest with pail and sprinkler |
7ah:ro |
Robed figure |
7ah:wo |
Worshiper |
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an – natural elements
7an:br |
Branch/plant |
7an:ft |
Flat-topped mountain |
7an:lo |
Low rounded mound |
7an:mt |
Mountain |
7an:na |
Natural elevation/knoll |
7an:ro |
Rosette |
7an:tr |
Tree |
7an:wa |
Water stream(s) |
7an:wv |
Waves |
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at – tools and weapons
7at:ao |
Arrows |
7at:ar |
Arrows in quiver |
7at:ax |
Axe |
7at:ba |
Bow and arrow |
7at:bo |
Bow |
7at:cl |
Club |
7at:da |
Dagger |
7at:dr |
Dart |
7at:fl |
Fly whisk |
7at:fo |
Fork |
7at:kn |
Knife |
7at:ma |
Mace |
7at:mu |
Multiple mace head |
7at:pl |
Plow |
7at:qu |
Quiver |
7at:sa |
Saw |
7at:sb |
Serrated blade |
7at:sc |
Scimitar |
7at:sd |
Spade |
7at:sh |
Shield |
7at:sl |
Sling |
7at:sr |
Spear |
7at:ss |
Star-spade |
7at:st |
Stick |
7at:sw |
Sword |
7at:wh |
Whip |
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av – objects and other elements
7av:al |
Altar/stand |
7av:ba |
Basket |
7av:cd |
Cross disc in crescent |
7av:cr |
Crescent |
7av:ct |
Cooking pot |
7av:cu |
Cup |
7av:dr |
Drilling(s) |
7av:fe |
Vertical flute |
7av:fl |
Flowing sprinkler |
7av:fo |
Flat oval object |
7av:fv |
Flowing vase |
7av:gu |
Guilloche |
7av:li |
Lightning fork |
7av:lm |
Leg meat |
7av:lu |
Lute |
7av:ly |
Lyre |
7av:om |
Omega |
7av:pa |
Pail |
7av:ra |
Rays |
7av:re |
Rein |
7av:ri |
Ring |
7av:rn |
Rain |
7av:ro |
Rod |
7av:rp |
Rope |
7av:s* |
Star |
7av:sd |
Star disc in crescent |
7av:sp |
Sprinkler |
7av:su |
Sun disc in crescent [double entry?, ZGy14 mDP] |
7av:ta |
Tamburine |
7av:vb |
Bucket-shaped vessel |
7av:ve |
Vessel/vase |
7av:vf |
Vessel with flowing liquid |
7av:vh |
Vessel with handle |
7av:vl |
Vessel with leaves |
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la – location of attributes
7la:f1 |
Figure with one foot on |
7la:f2 |
Figure with two feet on |
7la:fh |
Figure holding |
7la:fk |
Figure kneeling on |
7la:fs |
Figure seated on |
7la:fw |
Figure wearing |
7la:pf |
Placed in front of |
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po – posture of animal attributes
7po:be |
Being held |
7po:cr |
Crouching |
7po:da |
Dangling |
7po:in |
Inverted |
7po:ra |
Rampant |
7po:re |
Recumbent |
7po:rv |
Reversed |
7po:se |
Seated on hind legs |
7po:st |
Standing |
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9.3.8: Minor compositional elements: filler motifs
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lc – location: in composition
8lc:01 |
In composition 1 |
8lc:02 |
In composition 2 |
8lc:03 |
In composition 3 |
8lc:12 |
Between composition 1 and 2 |
8lc:23 |
Between composition 2 and 3 |
8lc:34 |
Between composition 3 and 4 |
8lc:te |
Terminal |
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lf – location: horizontal
8lf:01 |
Before figure 1 |
8lf:12 |
Between figures 1 and 2 |
8lf:23 |
Between figures 2 and 3 |
8lf:34 |
Between figures 3 and 4 |
8lf:45 |
Between figures 4 and 5 |
8lf:te |
Terminal |
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lv – location: vertical
8lv:lo |
Lower |
8lv:mi |
Middle |
8lv:un |
Under inscription |
8lv:up |
Upper |
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9.3.9: Secondary motifs
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de – description
9de:2a |
Two animals one above the other |
9de:2b |
Two bullmen facing central staff |
9de:2d |
Two dancers |
9de:2f |
Two facing figures |
9de:2i |
Two identical human figures back to back |
9de:2k |
Two figures kneeling |
9de:2s |
Two facing seated sphinx |
9de:bo |
Bowlegged dwarf |
9de:bs |
Bull standing |
9de:bu |
Bull reclining (with front leg up) |
9de:c2 |
Crossed lions between two rampant goats/ibex |
9de:co |
Cow suckling calf |
9de:cr |
Crossed lions |
9de:do |
Dog |
9de:ec |
Enthroned figure with crook |
9de:en |
Enthroned figure |
9de:gd |
Goat seated |
9de:gf |
Goatfish |
9de:gl |
Goat between lions |
9de:gr |
Griffin attacking horned animal |
9de:gt |
Goat |
9de:gu |
Guilloche |
9de:la |
Lion and seated goat |
9de:lc |
Lion crouching |
9de:ld |
Lion demon holding goat |
9de:le |
Lion-headed eagle |
9de:lg |
Lion griffin |
9de:ly |
Lyre playor and singer |
9de:mf |
Male figure before nude female |
9de:mg |
Man on one knee attacked by lion-griffin |
9de:ml |
Man on one knee attacked by lion |
9de:nf |
Nude female |
9de:nh |
Nude hero |
9de:nm |
Nude male/worshiper |
9de:pf |
Priest facing ascending god |
9de:pl |
Plant |
9de:pr |
Priest |
9de:ri |
Rider on horse |
9de:sc |
Scorpion |
9de:sh |
Sheep facing mongoose |
Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
lv – location
9lv:lo |
Lower |
9lv:mi |
Middle |
9lv:ov |
Over inscription |
9lv:un |
Under inscription |
9lv:up |
Upper |
Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
This lexicon has been established by Christine K. Kimbrough, and is quoted here from her notes. The codes refer to the special roster described above, 8.4.
Cf. also the dedicated topical book.
Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
9.4.1: Variants for variable ZaiK1 spin
s |
s‑spun, meaning that the thread was spun in a counter‑clockwise direction. When the thread or cord is viewed, the fibers appear to run from upper left to lower right, like the central bar of the letter s. |
u |
unclear; when the direction of spin is not apparent due to the poor state of preservation of the impression or because the evidence for the direction of spin is contradictory or inconclusive, unclear will be used. |
z |
z‑spun, meaning that the thread is spun in a clockwise direction. When the thread or cord is viewed, the fibers
or twists appear to run from upper right to lower left, like the central bar of the letter z. |
Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
9.4.2: Variants for variable ZaiK2 angle
numbers |
(indicating the number of degrees but without the word degree) |
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9.4.3: Variants for variable ZaiK3 (thread 1) and ZaiK4 (thread 2)
numbers |
(indicating centimeters) |
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9.4.4: Variants for variable ZaiK5 (twist)
numbers |
indicating total twists |
+ |
a plus sign may be included after the number of twists to indicate additional partial or unclear twist impressions |
Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
9.4.5: Variants for variable ZaiK6 (weave)
- |
a descriptive term refers to the type of weave |
Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
9.4.6: Variants for variable Za1K7 (hole diameter)
numbers |
(indicating millimeters) |
i |
incomplete |
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Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
9.7: Physical anthropology (lexical prefix for special roster Zpa) – by L. Ramos
Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
9.7.0: Universal codes
04 |
unknown |
05 |
other |
06 |
left |
07 |
right |
08 |
distal |
09 |
proximal |
10 |
medial |
11 |
lateral |
12 |
anterior |
13 |
posterior |
14 |
ventral |
15 |
dorsal |
16 |
palmar |
17 |
shaft (diaphysis) |
18 |
epiphyses |
19 |
left |
20 |
right |
21 |
inferior |
22 |
superior |
Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
9.7.1: Zpa1: Identification
hs |
human skeleton articulated |
hi |
human bones isolated |
Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
9.7.2: Zpa2: Skeletal analysis
Ma |
Male |
Fe |
Female |
Sk |
Skull |
Fh |
Femoral head diameter |
|
|
Ft |
Fetal (before birth) |
If |
Infant (0-3 years) |
Ao |
Adolescent (12-20 years) |
Ad |
Adult (20-35 years) |
Ma |
Middle adult (35-50 years) |
Oa |
Old adult (50+ years) |
|
|
bs |
Bass 1995 |
mc |
McKern and Stewart 1957 |
kg |
Krogman 1962 |
pr |
Pearson 1917-1919 |
tg |
Trotter and Gleser 1952 |
sw |
Schwartz 1995 |
fr |
Ferembach et al. 1980 |
lh |
Loth and Henneberg 1996 |
ki |
Krogman and Iscan 1986 |
ph |
Phenice 1969 |
sb |
Suchey and Brooks 1990 |
lj |
Lovejoy et al. 1985 |
ml |
Meindl and Lovejoy 1985 |
mi |
Miles 1962 |
tr |
Trotter 1970 |
fn |
Feldesman et al. 1990 |
hp |
Hoppa 1992 |
gw |
Gowland 1998 |
sm |
Smith 1991 |
mf |
Moorrees, Fanning and Hunt 1963 |
by |
Byers et al. 1989 |
Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
9.7.3: Zpa3: Trauma
bf |
blunt force |
cm |
compression fracture |
fr |
fracture |
sf |
sharp force |
ds |
dislocation |
ad |
artificial deformation |
te |
trephination |
am |
amputation |
Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
9.7.4: Zpa4: Pathology
os |
osteomyelitis |
pr |
periostitis |
tb |
tuberculosis |
tr |
treponema |
ph |
porotic hyperstosis |
rk |
rickets |
ot |
osteoarthritis of spine |
ob |
osteoarthritis of joints |
cr |
carious lesion, dental |
eh |
enamel hypoplasia |
pd |
peridontal disease |
ta |
tooth abscess |
Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
9.7.5: Zpa5: Muscular-skeletal markers and stress
pm |
pectoralis major |
tm |
teres major |
dt |
deltoid |
su |
supinator |
ra |
biceps brachii |
gt |
greater trochanter, gluteus min and medius |
lt |
lesser trochanter, iliopsoas tendon and psoas major |
la |
linea aspera, vastus muscle and adductors |
pt |
patella, tendon of quadriceps femoris |
tt |
tibial tuberosity, quadriceps femoris |
pp |
tibia popliteal line |
at |
calcaneal tuber, achilles tendon |
3t |
presence of third trochanter, gluteus maximus |
bb |
brachialis |
cc |
costoclavicular ligament |
sl |
spiral line femor, vastus medialis |
Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
9.7.6: Zpa6: Inventory
00 |
absent |
01 |
<25% present |
02 |
25-75% present |
03 |
>75% present |
Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
9.7.7: Zpa7: Preservation
gd |
good: >75% cortical bone present |
fr |
fair: 25-75% cortical bone present |
pr |
poor: <25% cortical bone present |
Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
9.7.8: Zpa8: Burial type
sm |
simple pit |
mp |
multiple pit |
sb |
simple built tomb |
mb |
multiple built tomb |
sj |
simple jar |
mj |
multiple jar |
ot |
other |
Back to top: 9. Special Lexica
9.7.9: Body position
su |
supine |
sf |
semi-flexed |
fx |
flexed |
ss |
sharply flexed |
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Cf. also the dedicated topical book.
TEXT TO BE UPDATED - ZH624 mDP
ma
| metal artifact |
Generic term (also category) for any item made from metal. |
sg |
slag | Residue from metal smelting often found as tiny green particles. |
ar |
arrowhead | Pointed metal object, often molded, hafted onto a thin wooden shaft and launched by a bow. |
ax |
ax |
Fist-sized metal object with a sharpened edge used for chopping, hafted onto a wood shaft. |
bd-m
| metal bead |
Bead made of metal instead of stone. |
coin
| coin |
Small metal disk of precious metal,usually decorated, that serves as a medium of exchange. |
mace |
mace |
Ceremonial staff carried by public officials. Head is often decorated. Shaft often wood. |
je |
jewelry item |
Metal object fashoned to adorn or decorate the human body, e.g., bracelet. |
pendant-m |
metal pendant |
Metal central element of a necklace or bracelet. |
pi |
pin |
Long, thin metal object used to fasten garments. |
spoon |
spoon |
Metal object similar in form and function to modern object with the same name. |
sc |
sculpture |
Molded metal object that accurately depicts a specific diety, human, or animal, (contrast and compare with a figurine made in clay).
|
spd |
spearhead |
Pointed molded metal object, larger than an arrowhead, hafted onto a long shaft, and designed for thrusting. |
str-m
| metal strainer |
Small can with holes fitted on the end of a hollow reed thst filters out solids from sipped liquids. |
to-m
| metal tool |
Item fashioned from metal that assists in the performance of a repetative task. |
Back to top: 9. Special Lexica