Introduction

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Organization of the material

The UGR section on typology gives an overview of the elements sorted according to the typological categories. Here, instead, the same are analyzed from the point of view of their assignation to specific moments along the sequential scale. Given the specificity of the materials, we can in turn assign relatively precise time limits to these “moments,” which emerge therefore as proper chronological periods, and not only as stratigraphical segments.

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The sequence

There is first an overall presentation of the sequence as a whole, with an overview of the phases and strata. Reference is also made to the particular generation of the stratigraphic sequence used and to the to MZ frame.

Each phase is ere described in terms of its relationship to the other phases, i.e., as a successive moment in the overall scalar sequence.

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The individual phases

Then there is a detailed analysis of the major elements (structures, installations, objects, etc.) belonging to each phase.

Where warranted, larger bodies of data, such as ceramics and faunal remains, are discussed separately for each phase.

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Horizons

A horizon is a maximal unit of reference relating spatial elements in terms of temporal sequence. It includes all possible integrative considerations, especially regional comparative evidence, absolute date determinations, and textual references.
Historical and chronological frame for Unit J4:

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Phases

A phase is an intermediate unit of reference relating spatial elements in terms of temporal sequence. It relies on broad structural and functional considerations. Phase distinction reflects substantial re-organization of space (e.g., abandonment of a building and rebuilding using a different footprint) and uses typological evidence (e.g., distinction in ceramic inventory).
The overview of J4 phases is given in the phases section witth a more detailed version under chronometry elements. Here one will find a summary of the data presented separately in full detail for each individual phase. The Phase sequence is JPD (by Giorgio und Federico Buccellati, June 2013).
The J4 phase sequence followed the MZA frame sequence, hence the reference to the corrisponding JPD seuence since J4 belongs to the temple terrace. J4 sequence egins with phase 32 MZA (4m-JPD)
Each phase is discussed in detail on the left bar.

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Strata

A stratum is a minimal unit of reference relating spatial elements in terms of a temporal sequence. Strata are defined exclusively on the basis of stratigraphic criteria, especially types of contacts, e.g., floor and accumulation sequences in contiguous rooms, or pits cut from the same floor.

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Strata sequence for Unit J4

The strata sequence for J4 can be found here.

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Chart of the full chronological system

The various levels may be summarized in a tabular format as follows, from the more general to the more detailed: