https://urkesh.org/MZ/A/J04/D/K/0063.htm

Unit Book J4

The Eastern Top of the Main Staircase (Version 1a)

J4k63

Processed on 2026-01-20

1. OVERVIEW

Roster Date Author Record
Best image 2026-01-11 yM
v29 [Input: ZK111yM.j]
2026-01-11 yM L_W24d0116 J4w0096 ZK111 yM [Input: ZK111yM.j]

3. STRATIGRAPHY

Recovery/Assignment

Roster Date Author Record
Daily notes about recovery of elements 2006-08-16 sC k63 is a new locus of 500mx500m. It is delimited by the following markers: m4303 (NE), m4304 (SE), m4243 (SW) and m4302 (NW). We started by removing firstly the little bushes and then the topsoil f22 (q32) in all the area. The topsoil in this square turned to be just few cm deep thick (aprox. 4-7cm) and was light grey in colour and as very rich in roots; once removed, the accumulation has a dark brown colour (due to the roots and organic material). f22 had a blocky structure, crumble and a bit dusty when removed. Once removed, we assigned f23 to the first 15 cm of accumulation under the topsoil (which seemes to be the same natural accumulation already excavated in units k72, k73). f23 presents characteristics similar to the topsoil f24 (crumble and soft consistence, fine texture, dusty when removed, and presence of roots). Once finished removing f23 at the end of the day. We decided that tomorrow we will assign another feature number to the accumulation under it, although there is no change in the soil matrix (in order to better keep track of the pottery that comes from this unit). [Input: Q816SC.j]
2006-08-20 sC Today we continued digging f37 with the big pick in all the unit (q63). f36 is medium soft, crumble when picked, very fine in texture, a bit clayish (it leaves color on fingers) and a bit dusty when removed. The soil unit is generally soft, and only with few patches are of compact soil. f37 seems to be the same natural accumulation as f36 in k74. It is very soft in consistence (the pick goes down for aprox. 15-20cm), it is characterized by a very fine texture and is a bit clayish. Finished the day by cleaning the unit and respective baulks. [Input: Q820SC.j]
2006-08-21 sC Today we finished digging f37 with the big pick in all the unit (q69). f37 is characterized by a very soft and very fine texture, it is clayish (it leaves color on fingers) and dusty when removed; f37 is the same of f36 in k74. After two pick run in all the unit we reached the same elevation as in k73 and of the German trench C2 in k71, and therefore we stop digging here (elevation: m4243 +34 -147). I moved the workmen in k73 in order to help the team working there to remove the N baulk. Finished the day by cleaning the unit and respective baulks. [Input: Q821SC.j]
2006-08-24 sC Today we finished to remove the N baulk (f39, q95). We stop digging this feature at the elevation of m4307 +7 -145. [Input: Q824SC.j]
2006-08-24 sC Today we started and finished to remove the N baulk of k63 (f46, q99, q100). We stop digging in this unit at the elevation of m4300 +35 -150. [Input: Q824SC.j]
2006-08-30 sC Today we continued digging f67 in k63 first in the S area of the square (400m W and 200m N to m4396, q151) then we move the elevator located in the N area of the square to k62, and thus start digging f67 in the the N area of k63 (400m W and 200m S to m4303, q154, q163). f67 seems to be the same natural accumulation we have been digging in the last days in other squares of the unit (i.e. k73, k74, k64). The soil is characterized by patches of compact and soft soil, is very fine in texture, it is a bit clayish (it leaves color on fingers) and dusty when removed. At the elevation of m4400 +70 –143 we found a first compact surface, which differs in any case by f61 in k73 (this is characterized by the presence of bricks and melted bricks): we are still 6-9cm higer in elevation respect to k73. Tomorrow we’ll contine digging in k63 in order to investigate whether also in this square bricks and melted bricks are present. A stone of large dimensions have been found at the elevation of m4396 +77 –143. [Input: Q830SC.j]
2006-08-31 sC Today we continued digging f67 in k63 (q169); we exposed another stone in the NW corner of the unit, right above the one exposed yesterday. The soil is compact and it is characterized by the presence of bricks and melted bricks: it is the same accumulation exposed in k62 (f66) and of k72 (f63). For this reason, we decided, toghether with fAB, gB and jO, to: remove all the baulks and take a general view of these squares in order to show the continuity of this accumulation whitin them. Today we started to remove the N baulk in k63, aproximately 40cm in height (f39, q177). It is still left a large portion to remove, being this baulk close to the elevator, located in k62. [Input: Q831sC.j]
2006-09-02 sC Today we finished to remove the N baulk in k63 (f39, q182). From yesterday excavation, in fact, was left a small portion (approximately 20cm in height) which was more thick in in the central portion of the baulk, due to the presence of the elevator (since it was located here). We then start removing f67 in all the square for approximately 3-5cm (q194), and in doing so we exposed a large stone close in the NE corner. South to this stone are visible some brick fragments. Instead, in the N area of the square we exposed a very compact surface which is the same of f66 in k62 and f63 in k72 (i.e. a very compact surface with bricky material, light brown/greyish in colour). Tomorrow we will contine to remove f66 in the S portion of the square. [Input: Q902sC2.j]
2006-09-03 sC Today we started with the cleaning the whole square. However, we did not expose any stone or any bricky accumulation, as instead for k73, but only a very compact natural accumulation. We assigne a new feature number to this accumulation, f90 (q201), which is extend to the whole square. We then start removing the feature with the little pick in the N area of k63. f90 is very compact, and looks to be a wash layer, it is characterized by a platy structure once removed with the little 8and big) pick, it is fine in texture, very compact. Looking at the blocks of soil removed, it it possible to observe to the sedimentation of the soil as water deposit (soil thin at the top, ticher on the bottom). Once we noticed that there was no bricks or any difference in the accumulation below f90, and that f90 was aproximately 8 to 10cm thick, we start digging with the big pick in the whole area. We start exposing a very compact surface, which again looks to be a natural accoumlation, compacted by water. In this square, we have a completey different situation respect to k73. [Input: Q903SC.j]
2006-09-04 sC Today we continued digging f90 in k63 for the whole day (q204, q207, q211). Before every pick run we decided to dig 100m W and 400S from m4465 with the little pick, in order to check the accumulation/surface below and then dig with the big pick in the whole area. Several pick runs have been done today without notice any change in the consistence and soil matrix in the whole unit. f90 is very compact, and looks to be a surface which has been compacted by water. It is very hard to remove also with the big pick. No stones or bricky material or melted bricks have been found in this locus. It is thus like if that the bricks exposed in the E section of k73 (which indicate the presence of a wall/structure there) and of the two stones f104 (f104.1, f104.2) in the NW corner of k63 (which could be linked with the brick wall or structure exposed in the E section of k73) could have influenced the depositional history in k63. We decided thus to stop digging here and move the team working here in k72. We stop digging here at the elevation of m4465 +44 -126. [Input: Q904SC.j]
Strategy (projected or implemented) 2006-09-04 sC Right in the N section of k73 we found a line of stones, six, medium small in dimension; of these, four are long aprox 40cm each (while two are very small in dimension) running W-E right (f146). These look to be in line with two large stone exposed in k83. It looks like that these stones are in line with the suppose revetment wall as it is exposed in J2 (W to the primary and secondary apron). We thus decided to stop digging in k63 (considering also that in that locus we have not find any particular accumulations, indicating any particular use in that area) and we decided to start digging in k72. Before start digging there, we took some general views of the floating stones located here, before their removal. The stone that we are going to remove are: f12 (and its pedestal, f98), f19.2 and f19.3 (and their pedestal, f100), f101.1 and f101.2 (and their pedestal f102) (v58, v58a). We then took a general view of k82 and k72, toghether with the E section of k82, showing the 200m of natural accumulation on top of/between these floating stones (v59, v59a, v59b). [Input: Q904SC.j]

Volumetric Localization

Roster Date Author Record
Elements within locus 2006-08-16 sC f22 (topsoil)
f23 (accumulation D) [Input: Q818AS.j]
2006-08-17 sC f26 (accumulation D) [Input: Q818AS.j]
2006-08-17 pc f29 (accumulation D) [Input: Q903PC2.j]
2006-08-20 vn f37 (accumulation D) [Input: Q903PC2.j]
2006-08-20 sc f39 (mix feature) [Input: Q903PC2.j]
2006-08-29 as f67 (accumulation D) [Input: Q903PC3.j]
2006-09-03 sc f90 (accumulation D) [Input: Q903PC3.j]
2006-09-04 sc f104 (isolated stone) [Input: Q922PC.j]
2006-09-05 sc f105 (accumulation D) [Input: Q922PC.j]
2006-08-16 aS q32 (pottery)
q33 (bones, pottery) [Input: ZH522yM.j]
2006-08-17 cc q37 (pottery) [Input: Q819MNH.j]
2006-08-17 vn q43 (pottery) [Input: Q819MNH.j]
2006-08-17 as q46 (pottery) [Input: Q819MNH.j]
2006-08-19 sc q47 (pottery) [Input: Q819MNH.j]
2006-08-19 mnh q51 (pottery) [Input: Q819MNH.j]
2006-08-19 vn q59 (pottery) [Input: Q820MNH.j]
2006-08-20 vn q63 (pottery) [Input: Q820MNH.j]
2006-08-21 mnh q69 (pottery) [Input: Q822CC.j]
2006-08-23 vn q88 (pottery) [Input: Q826PC1.j]
2006-08-23 as q90 (pottery) [Input: Q826PC1.j]
2006-08-24 cc q95 (pottery) [Input: Q826PC1.j]
2006-08-29 vN q138 (pottery) [Input: Q829vN.j]
2006-08-29 aS q143 (pottery) [Input: Q829vN.j]
2006-08-30 mNH q151 (pottery) [Input: Q904PC4.j]
2006-08-30 cc q154 (pottery) [Input: Q904PC4.j]
2006-08-31 cc q169 (pottery) [Input: Q904PC4.j]
2006-08-31 vn q174 (pottery) [Input: Q904PC4.j]
2006-08-31 pc q177 (pottery) [Input: Q904PC4.j]
2006-09-02 cc q182 (pottery) [Input: Q904PC4.j]
2006-09-02 pC q194 (pottery) [Input: ZH522yM.j]
2006-09-03 cc q201 (bones, pottery) [Input: Q906VN.j]
2006-09-03 pc q203 (pottery) [Input: Q906VN.j]
2006-09-04 cc q204 (bones, pottery) [Input: Q906VN.j]
2006-09-04 pc q207 (bones, pottery)
q211 (pottery) [Input: Q906VN.j]

6. REFERENCE

Analogical Record

Roster Date Author Record
View/drawing of locus

v11
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC2.j]
v21
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC2.j]

v21a
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC2.j]

v22
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC2.j]

v22a
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC2.j]

v29
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC2.j]

v32
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC2.j]

v32a
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC2.j]

v32b
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC2.j]

v32c
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC2.j]

v32d
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC2.j]

v33
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC2.j]

v34
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC2.j]

v34a
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC2.j]
v34b
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC2.j]
v34c
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC2.j]

v45
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC2.j]

v45a
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC2.j]

v56
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC2.j]

v56a
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC2.j]

v56b
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC2.j]

v56c
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC2.j]

v87
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC3.j]

v87a
2010-03-21 sC [Input: U321SC3.j]

p1
2026-01-10 yM [Input: ZK110yM.j]

p2
2026-01-10 yM [Input: ZK110yM.j]

p3
2026-01-10 yM [Input: ZK110yM.j]

p4
2026-01-10 yM [Input: ZK110yM.j]